안녕하세요. Today, you'll learn the unit marker 에. Yes, I know. There are so many various 에! It is a quite helpful marker. 😉
<Table of Contents>
Before we start, if you want to review, please use the links below.
⚐ 에 1: place (destination) marker
⚐ 에 2: place (location) marker
1. Words
In this lesson, you'll get to know many important words! So, don't just skip; practice these words before proceeding! 🤗
(one, two, three) times, number (1, 2, 3) |
번 can be attached to either the Sino-Korean number or the native Korean number. When it is attached to the Sino numbers like 일, 이, 삼, you can make number 1(일 번), number 2 (이 번), number 3 (삼 번).
When 번 comes after the native Korean number 하나, 둘, 셋, now you can talk about one time(한 번), two times(두 번), three times(세 번).
day, one day |
하루 has many meanings. First, it is one day a period of 24 hours. Second, it can mean a day from sunrise to sunset when people do their activities. It can also mean an unspecified day, one day, or someday.
a week/one week |
By combining the Sino-Korean numbers 일, 이, 삼, we can express the concept of weeks. For example, 이주일 represents two weeks, and 삼주일 represents three weeks.
The last 일 can be omitted and be said 일주, 이주, 삼주, 사주.
fifteen days |
보름 is the term that is related to the lunar calendar. It is the fifteenth day of each lunar month. It is always the full moon. 달 is a month, so people call the full moon 보름달.
a month |
달 is a counting word a month. With this word, you'll use 하나, 둘, 셋 numbers. It shows the months as a period.
a year |
년 is a counting word for the year. With this word, you'll use 일, 이, 삼 numbers.
2. 에 Grammar
에 is the marker to show a standard unit for counting or valuing. As it is a marker, you'll attach it to a noun. It is used in combination with nouns that can be units such as ‘period, price, number, frequency, number of people’. In English, 에 is close to "per." Let's look at some examples to catch up on the meanings!
하루에 세 번 밥을 먹어요.
It means "I eat three times per day." So, you can think of it as "I eat a meal three times a day."
사과 한 개에 이천 원이에요.
It's 2,000 won per apple.
⚐ Won(원) is the Korean currency. If you want to know more about it, please click here.
You don't have to worry about the final consonant of a noun. Simply attach 에 to the noun, please.
받침 O: 일주일에
받침 X: 한 개에
In daily life, people often omit "에". It'll be good to use it when you write something or talk in formal situations.
I eat three times a day.
하루에 세 번 밥을 먹어요.
=하루 세 번 밥을 먹어요.
3. Examples 1
Let's see how we can use this word. The basic structure will be like the one below.
Standard Unit+에 + number
For example, you can say one a day, 하루에 하나. A day(하루) is a standard so, we attach 에 to it. 하나 is 1.
In the number place, you can add prices, counted numbers, frequency, etc, something that is related to numbers! Let's see some examples using the standard unit 하루(a day)
하루에 하나 one a day
하루에 한 번 once a day
하루에 한 개 one (thing) a day
하루에 한 잔 one (cup) a day
If you want to learn more about the counting unit, please click here to read my other lesson.
Here are some more examples.
일주일에 한 번 once a week
일주일에 세 번 three times a week
한 달에 한 번 once a month
한달에 세 번 three times per month
보름에 한 번 once every fifteen days
일년에 두 번 two times a year
세개에 오천원 5000 won per three
1kg에 만원 10,000 won per 1 kg
천 원에 한 개 one (thing) per 1,000 won
한 개에 천 원 1,000 won per one (thing)
4. Examples 2
Let's see the sentences and dialogue examples to understand this 에 grammar better!
1
민수 씨는 일 년에 세 번 고향에 가요. Minsu goes to his hometown three times a year.
고향 is hometown. This time the unit is a year(일 년).
2
저는 보름에 한 번 도서관에 가요. I go to the library every fifteen days.
You can talk about your repetitive schedule like this as well!
3
(가게에서 In a store)
손님: 사과가 얼마예요? How much is an apple?
점원: 한 개에 천 원이에요. It's 1000 won per one. = It's 1000 won each.
This is a conversation between a customer(손님) and a clerk(점원). 개 is a counting word for general objects.
4
손님: 포도가 얼마예요? How much is a grape?
점원: 오십 그램에 삼천원이에요. It's 3000 won per 50 grams.
Korea uses the "g/kg" system. To read 50g, you use the Sino-Korean number(오십) with 그램.
5
미나: 하루에 커피를 몇 잔 마셔요? How many cups of coffee do you drink a day?
지나: 두 잔 마셔요. I drink two cups.
This time, the unit is a day, 하루. 잔 is a counting word for a cup or glass. 몇 adds the meaning of "how much" or "how many."
5. Wrap-up & Worksheet
Alright, that's it! It was a pretty easy lesson, right? Please practice it with the worksheet that is attached below. The answers are in throughout my lesson!
에 is a unit marker.
It is attached to a noun to show a unit.
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